Data Backup and Recovery: Important Points - JKSSB Mock Test
Data Backup and Recovery is a vital topic for the JKSSB Computer Awareness section. In the modern digital world, data is a valuable asset. Whether personal photos, office documents, or government records, all data needs to be protected from loss or damage.
In this guide, you will learn:
- What is Data Backup?
- Types of Backup
- What is Data Recovery?
- Methods of Backup and Recovery
- FAQs for JKSSB
What is Data Backup?
Data Backup means creating a copy of data so that it can be restored in case of accidental loss, damage, or corruption.
Simple Example: When you copy your important documents to a pen drive, you are taking a backup.
Why is Data Backup Important?
- Protects against hardware failure (Hard disk crash)
- Protects from viruses, malware, ransomware attacks
- Prevents data loss during system upgrades or reinstallation
- Helps in disaster recovery (fire, flood, accidental deletion)
- Ensures business continuity
Types of Data Backup
Data backup is done in different ways based on the need. Let’s understand the main types.
1️⃣ Full Backup
- Copies all files and folders completely
- Time-consuming but safest
- Example: Taking a full backup of your laptop to an external hard drive
2️⃣ Incremental Backup
- Backs up only the new or changed files since the last backup
- Faster and saves storage space
- Example: Daily incremental backups in cloud storage
3️⃣ Differential Backup
- Backs up all changes made since the last full backup
- More storage than incremental but quicker to restore
4️⃣ Mirror Backup
- Creates an exact copy (mirror image) of data
- Data is updated in real-time
- Very fast but risks copying malware if the original is infected
Backup Storage Options
Backups can be stored in different places. Here are the most common storage methods:
1️⃣ Local Backup
- Stored in external hard drives, pen drives, DVDs
- Accessible without internet
- Risk of damage in disasters
2️⃣ Cloud Backup
- Stored in online servers (Google Drive, Dropbox, OneDrive)
- Accessible from anywhere
- Requires internet connection
- Usually encrypted for security
3️⃣ Network Attached Storage (NAS)
- Backup stored in a central device connected to a network
- Used in offices and businesses
4️⃣ Hybrid Backup
- Combination of local and cloud backups
- Provides double safety
Backup Schedule Strategies
| Strategy | Description |
|---|---|
| Daily Backup | Backup performed every day |
| Weekly Backup | Backup performed once a week |
| Monthly Backup | Backup done once a month |
| Real-time Backup | Continuous backup as data changes |
What is Data Recovery?
Data Recovery is the process of restoring lost, deleted, or corrupted data from backups or storage devices.
When is Data Recovery Needed?
- Accidental deletion of files
- Hard disk failure
- Virus attacks corrupting data
- Software errors
- System crashes or operating system failure
Methods of Data Recovery
1️⃣ Restore from Backup
- The easiest and safest method
- If backup is available, restore the data directly
2️⃣ Use of Data Recovery Software
- Special software can recover deleted files
- Examples: Recuva, EaseUS Data Recovery, Stellar Data Recovery
3️⃣ Professional Data Recovery Services
- Experts use hardware and software tools to recover data from damaged storage
- Costly but effective when hardware is physically damaged
Data Backup and Recovery Lifecycle
The process follows a cycle:
- Take Backup regularly
- Store backups safely (offline or cloud)
- Test backups to ensure they work
- Use backups for recovery when needed
3-2-1 Backup Rule
A standard practice in data management is the 3-2-1 Rule:
- Keep 3 copies of your data
- Store them on 2 different media (Hard disk, Cloud)
- Keep 1 copy offsite (Cloud or different location)
Examples of Data Backup in Real Life
- Students saving project files on Google Drive
- Offices using cloud services to back up client data
- Government departments keeping disaster recovery backups
- Photographers storing photos in multiple hard drives
Advantages of Backup and Recovery
- Prevents data loss
- Ensures quick disaster recovery
- Reduces downtime for businesses
- Protects personal and official information
Challenges in Backup and Recovery
- High storage costs (for large data)
- Time required for regular backups
- Security risks in cloud storage (if not encrypted)
- Data corruption if backup is not tested properly
FAQs: Data Backup and Recovery – JKSSB
Q1: What is the purpose of data backup?
Answer: To create a copy of data for safety and recovery in case of loss.
Q2: What is incremental backup?
Answer: Backup of only the new or changed files since the last backup.
Q3: What is cloud backup?
Answer: Saving data to online servers using the Internet.
Q4: Name two data recovery software.
Answer: Recuva and EaseUS Data Recovery.
Q5: What is the 3-2-1 backup rule?
Answer: Keep 3 copies of data, on 2 different storage types, with 1 copy stored offsite.
Final Thoughts
Understanding Data Backup and Recovery is essential for the JKSSB Computer Awareness section. It ensures data safety, protects from disasters, and helps in smooth recovery during emergencies.
Remember to back up your data regularly and test your backups for reliability. This knowledge will not only help you in exams but also in real-life situations.
All the best for your JKSSB exam preparation!
